Uber

Two-sided marketplace that captures a large slice from riders and drivers; convenience for users exists, but the economic surplus flows to the platform and investors.

Extraction Stage 3

Surplus shifts toward business customers and shareholders; ads, fees, and degradation accelerate.

Uber solved real coordination problems (liquidity, payments, trust signals). For riders it can still feel like surplus—until you zoom out: take rates, surge, and driver-side economics show where value pools. Treat it as stage 3 extraction: useful product, asymmetric capture.

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